Chapter one: Broadcasted distribution

Chapter One: Broadcasting

chapter one i1: The Tv industry, will it survive?

Broadcasting is the traditional way of consuming television; a 20th-century invention (Anthony, 2017). The first source of 'television' however, within the 21st century, has bloomed from broadcasted networks and cable into a variety of new ways to access and exhibit tv, such as on-demand content, streaming and internet services.

There is a question by many fellow industry professionals; "how is Tv going to be affected by all the advancements"? There is uncertainty if the industry is going to continue to survive or die out (Adalian and Maria Elena Fernandez, 2016). 

Potentially there will be no damage to the industry as change is constant throughout television and arguably despite new developments, it has a power to still remain.
This can be seen through its previous history. From its beginning in 1926 (the first public demonstration of television) it continuously has been revisioned. In an article by (National Science and Media Museum, 2011) we are shown TV's main advancements, such as the evolution of tv transmission in the 20th century. From initially being pictures using telephone lines to electronic images recording, it has continued to be transformed, including infra-red television transmission, stereoscopic (3D) television, simultaneous sound-and-vision 30-line television transmission, transatlantic satellites, and more modernly, digital TV transmissions. 

Undeniably it has gone through massive development throughout its existence. Despite all the technology progression, including going from mechanical televisions to electric televisions (bebusinessed, 2018), paying weekly for video ‌(The List Love, 2014), to now paying an annual fee for a TV license (BBC Press Office, 2015), TVs popularity continued to grow through the century. Instead of dying it thrived. 

Additionally, in the 'digital revolution' of the 21st-century broadcast television is not just surviving change; it is adapting for modern audiences. Betterments such as; 'Freeview free to air digital terrestrial television', 'HDTV', internet services that shows previously aired shows and '3DTV channels' (National Science and Media Museum, 2011). 
Although the UK switched off all analogue terrestrial television (National Science and Media Museum, 2011), broadcasted televisions has continued to remain in the 21st century, in a modern adaption. Broadcast television consists of both satellite and cable transmissions (Musburger and Kindem, 2009, p.8), however, can now be accessed by BBC Iplayer, an internet service, that gives access to shows after they have broadcasted (National Science and Media Museum, 2011) 
watchable on multiple devices: such as the televisions, computers, mobiles.
According to the Government, any tv programs watched on tv or BBC programs attended or downloaded online need to be covered by a tv license (BBC Press Office, 2015) conceivably deeming these type of plans as broadcasted tv. 

Despite clear progress within television, some argue that tv is the war between broadcasted shows v.s internet services; however, some televised shows are accessible by the internet, such as Iplayer, and BBC 3 which is only available via online (National Science and Media Museum, 2011). It makes it a little more complicated to define what is and isn't classed as broadcasted. 
To fully identify if broadcasting will not only remain but be a leading source of distribution, one has to define what broadcasting is classed as. Is it limited to broadcasting and cable networks, or is it the experience and the way it is exhibited?


Broadcasted is refutably a more controlling and restrictive way of viewing. As (Kennemer and Cohen, 2019) suggests, aired television such as cable takes away your freedom and choices; 'spoon-feeding' you content and programs. Programming is time-slotted (Pilling, 2001, p.30) which makes the choice of watching what you want when you want away. Broadcast is also traditionally a direct programming experience, If you're going to watch something it has to be when the channels decides to distribute, a specific time and date; controlling when and how you watch programming.
Most broadcast networks are known for giving less choice, shows have to fit a broad audience (Bennett, 2014, p.129) as described by (Musburger and Kindem, 2009, p.8) broadcasting, aims to please the most massive audience, meaning it has to be suitable for a broad demographic. 
With cable television, there is an opportunity for more freedom and choice for both creators and consumers. Cable is for more demographic audiences, which also has more creative freedom for producers compared to broadcasted networks (Bennett, 2014, p.129). 
However, neither has the amount of freedom as streaming services and online services. 

Anther equation to look at, is it efficient for both producers and consumers?

Is it still being used by professionals and consumers?

There is also the argument that broadcasting is still existing but in new forms, with convergence. 
For example, few channels are adapting to on-demand content or creating their own streaming services, TV Shows can be a hybrid between streaming and broadcasting (Adalian and Maria Elena Fernandez, 2016). 
Technically it will remain, but remodelled into something new. 

Chapter one... 'Cable Cutters'

Chapter one i2: BBC 

Back then there were still only three television channels in this country (Channel 4 was three years away from its first transmission). Today, with satellite technology, there are hundreds available from around the globe. That diversity has inevitably led to a certain amount of fragmentation, as well as considerable variations in quality. (Anthony, 2017)

Chapter one ie: Broadcasted Animations